One of the greatest jewels of Seville is what we call today the Guadalquivir River, a beautiful Arabic name that echoes its majestic currents. The Romans had formerly named it Betis, currently the name of the centenary football team which prides itself on being the most earthy and passionate in Spain, like the luscious and oil-dark river that lends it its name. But even before the Romans, the river was called theTartessos and was the highlight of Iberian culture in the days before the Romans arrived.

Around it, the Greeks developed some of the most fascinating myths of antiquity, such as the legendary king Arganthonios, beneficent monarch whose wisdom, wealth and generosity greatly impressed Herodotus during the fifth century BC. Another great figure from this epoch was Gárgoris, inventor of beekeeping, and in turn the son and grandson Habis, inventor and promoter of techniques such as plowing.
The climax of the Tartessian culture must have taken place between the seventh and sixth centuries BC. The lower valley of the Guadalquivir River, near the city currently known as Huelva had a vast area of influence which comprised the majority of Extremadura, part of La Mancha and the Mediterranean coast of the Southeast.
We know from the sites found that it was an urban culture which used writing and produced significant engineering works and roads, as well as luxury industries, and apparently, plenty of poetry. In fact, its silver, iron and copper mines as well as famous dancers, singers and musicians, precursors of the dancers of Gades (Cadiz) enjoyed legendary status in ancient Rome. Lore has it that their descendants, according to some medieval chronicles, have educated William of Aquitaine in the arts, thus giving rise to the poetry of Provence and with it, perhaps even the Western idea of love.
In short, the mystery of Tartessos, which more than one occasion has been linked with enigmatic civilization of Atlantis based on the testimony of authors such as Plato, has fueled the imagination of the West for millennia. Hence the extraordinary turmoil that led to the accidental discovery in 1958 just three kilometers from Seville of the Carambolo Treasury, a dazzling display of Tartessian culture.
This magnificent treasure trove consists of 21 pieces of delicately decorated gold in excellent condition which is only occasionally on public display. However in the Archaeological Museum of Maria Luisa Park in Seville, which is full of precious archaeological finds, in one of its rooms an exact replica of it on permanent display.
If you need more information about this permanent collection please visit the web:
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/museos/MASE/index.jsp?redirect=S2_3_1.jsp
Paul Oilzum
If you rent apartments in Seville take a trip back in time and relive the fantastical history of the Tartessians.
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Translated by: salome antigone
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